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What are hemorrhoids? 

Hemorrhoids refer to swollen veins that surround the lower rectum and anus, which can become inflamed and bulge. 

The two primary types of hemorrhoids are

 internal and external hemorrhoids. Internal hemorrhoids occur in the small arterial branches inside the rectum, and although they may bleed, they are typically not visible or felt. External hemorrhoids develop in the veins beneath the skin around the anal opening and can also bleed. However, due to the abundance of nerves in this area, they can cause discomfort.

Chronic hemorrhoids are often associated with various conditions, including prolapsed hemorrhoids, which are internal hemorrhoids that grow larger and protrude outside the anal sphincter. A strangulated hemorrhoid is a prolapsed hemorrhoid with its blood supply cut off by the muscles around the anus. A thrombosed hemorrhoid refers to a clot (thrombus) that forms when blood pools in an external hemorrhoid.

It is estimated by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesTrusted Source that hemorrhoids affect approximately 5% of Americans and about 50% of adults over 50 years of age. Therefore, if you have hemorrhoids, you are not alone.

 

Transforming your world, one habit at a time: Embracing Lifestyle Changes and Self-Care.

If you have been diagnosed with chronic hemorrhoids, your doctor may suggest the following lifestyle changes as a treatment:

Adding more high-fiber foods to your diet

Drinking sufficient amount of water and taking in healthy drinks.

Limiting the amount of time you spend sitting on the toilet

Avoiding straining during bowel movements

Avoiding heavy lifting

Your doctor may suggest additional measures or medications to include in your self-treatment routine. Some of these recommendations may include:

Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil), acetaminophen (Tylenol), naproxen (Aleve), or aspirin

Topical treatments available over-the-counter, like a cream containing hydrocortisone or a numbing agent pad or witch hazel

Stool softeners or fiber supplements like methylcellulose (Citrucel) or psyllium (Metamucil)

Sitz baths

MEDICAL TREATMENTS:

In case self-care measures fail to alleviate your symptoms, your physician may suggest a range of medical treatments to address your condition.

In-office procedures-

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Rubber Band Ligation: Hemorrhoid banding, also known as rubber band ligation, is a procedure that's primarily used for prolapsing or bleeding hemorrhoids. Your doctor will place a special rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid, which will cut off its blood supply. Within about a week, the banded section will shrink and eventually fall off.

Electrocoagulation: A special tool is used in electrocoagulation to deliver an electric current that shrinks a hemorrhoid by cutting off its blood supply. This procedure is commonly used for internal hemorrhoids.

Infrared Photocoagulation: Infrared photocoagulation is another procedure used to shrink hemorrhoids by cutting off their blood supply. Your doctor will use a tool that delivers infrared light to the hemorrhoid. This procedure is typically used for internal hemorrhoids.

Sclerotherapy: Sclerotherapy is a procedure in which a solution is injected into the hemorrhoid to shrink it by cutting off its blood supply. This treatment is usually reserved for internal hemorrhoids.